The Hidden Risk Behind Chatbots
If you have embraced the miracle of AI in your day-to-day life, a new study may give you pause for thought. While the technology has revolutionized how we approach information, a darker side to artificial intelligence has emerged. Over the past few years, both researchers and the media have focused on the problem of chatbots encouraging people's delusions and even suicidal thoughts — and now researchers have uncovered a new risk: depression. It's not just people who have a tendency towards depressive thoughts. Everyone may be at risk. Here's why.
How Artificial Intelligence Impacts Mental Health
As more businesses adopt AI technology to improve efficiency and cost-cutting, an unintended effect may be secretly damaging employee morale. A 2025 study published in the journal Nature found that companies who actively integrated the technology into the workplace experienced higher depression rates than those that did not. Why? The team believes AI disrupts established job roles; increases workplace stress — which may be tied to job security concerns; and diminishes the perceived support structures and inclusiveness at work. The study authors also point out that this root cause of depression most likely stems from ambiguity and fear in the workplace, which adversely affects interpersonal trust and safety.1
A recent study in January 2026 underscores these findings. Published in JAMA Network Open, the research team analyzed questionnaire data from almost 21,000 participants in 50 states of the USA.2 Thia study noted that AI usage shifted depending on the demographic: highest use tended to be younger and male with a higher level of education and income, and lived in an urban rather than a rural setting. What the researchers found is that higher AI usage was linked to a significantly greater likelihood of experiencing depression, anxiety, and irritability.
These conclusions may not be all that surprising considering that, as human beings, we are wired for connection — not technology. Experts warn that excessive reliance on AI can lead to increased loneliness, social withdrawal, and emotional dependency since it creates a one-sided false bond that fails to provide the genuine empathy of a person-to-person interaction.3,4 Interested in learning more about the darker side of AI? Have a look at this post.
Practical Steps to Reclaim Your Cognitive Health
So, where to begin with reigning in your AI habit? Like any technology, it can become addictive. But going cold turkey isn't necessary — you just need a bit of intention. The first step is to opt out of built-in AI with Google, Microsoft Copilot, and Adobe's AI assistant. Developing your own critical thinking is important too. Try to tackle questions and inquiries using traditional search engines before resorting to AI. Just the act of reading through the results, selecting a promising site, and reading through the information to extract what you need will help cultivate and maintain critical thinking skills.
My favorite method is to adopt analog strategies by stepping away from the computer altogether: using pen and paper for brainstorming, writing, and drawing that don't rely on generative AI. If you want to take it to the next level, invest in a manual typewriter. It will help you to completely avoid the distraction of AI 'help' while writing. You can then scan your pages with an app that utilizes Optical Character Recognition (OCR) for editing on your computer. I also recommend periods of unplugging to refresh your brain by steering clear of technology. You can use this time to explore a hobby, get out into nature, read poetry or a good book, and spend quality time with friends and family. All these help to balance and minimize reliance on AI, while cultivating true meaning and connection with less depression and anxiety.
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References
- Kim, BJ., Kim, MJ. & Lee, J. The dark side of artificial intelligence adoption: linking artificial intelligence adoption to employee depression via psychological safety and ethical leadership. Humanit Soc Sci Commun 12, 704 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-025-05040-2
- Perlis RH, Gunning FM, Uslu AA, et al. Generative AI Use and Depressive Symptoms Among US Adults. JAMA Netw Open. 2026;9(1):e2554820. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.54820
- "THE RISK OF BUILDING EMOTIONAL TIES WITH RESPONSIVE AI" by Katie Todd, Pace University, August 15, 2024. https://www.pace.edu/news/risk-of-building-emotional-ties-responsive
- "AI, Loneliness, and the Value of Human Connection" by Melissa J. Perry, Sc.D., MHS, MBA, College of Public Health George Mason University, September 22, 2025. https://publichealth.gmu.edu/news/2025-09/ai-loneliness-and-value-human-connection
